Washington Parish Historical Information

Table of Contents

• The History of Washington Parish
• National Register of Historic Sites in Washington Parish
• Washington Parish Headrighters
• 1811-1812 Tax List for St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana

The History of Washington Parish

     Although the Louisiana Purchase took place in 1803, West Florida was not specifically included in the transfer.  The U.S. made a feeble claim to the territory, but Spain was not willing to relinquish control.  It was not until the Rebellion of West Florida in 1810, that the U.S. was able to take control of the region.  Louisiana became a state in 1812, but West Florida was not made a part of it until several months later.

     During the sixteen years of British West Florida's existence, patriots who had fought for the British in the French and Indian War were offered land grants in the area for their military service. Many Anglo-Saxon families moved into the region from Virginia, Tennessee, Kentucky, and the Carolinas.  Some of them later fought enthusiastically against the British with General Andrew Jackson in the Battle of New Orleans in 1814.  General Jackson marched his soldiers through Washington Parish on what was known as the "Military Road."

     The parishes of Washington, St. Tammany, Tangipahoa, and Livingston were all originally part of St. Helena Parish.  In 1810, St. Helena was split to form St. Tammany Parish.  Then in 1819, St. Tammany Parish was split to form Washington Parish.  The preamble of the legislative act that authorized the split stated that the division was needed because some of the inhabitants lived to far away from the St. Tammany Parish seat to reach it conveniently.  In 1832, St. Helena Parish was again divided to form Livingston Parish.  The final division came in 1869 when Tangipahoa Parish was carved from portions of Livingston, Washington and St. Tammany Parishes.

     Franklinton, located in west central Washington Parish, became the parish seat by legislative act on February 10, 1821.  At that time, Franklinton was known as Franklin. The name was changed  to avoid conflict with another town of Franklin, located in St. Mary Parish.  The town was actually situated five miles south of present-day Franklinton.  In 1819, John Bickham, Sr., donated 30 acres of land to be used as a parish seat.  Apparently, Mr. Bickham anticipated the forthcoming division of St. Tammany Parish.  He stipulated that the  30 acres were to be surveyed into blocks with the center block reserved for the courthouse and jail.  The remaining blocks were to be sold to benefit the parish.

     The courthouse burned twice, first in 1854, then again in 1897. The fires resulted in a loss of nearly 68 years worth of records.  Records from the 1820-1830 decade were kept on file in the state land office and escaped the fire.  Some of the records from the second fire were salvaged and others were brought in to be re-recorded.  So, only the records from the 1840-1860 period are completely lost.

     As of 1992, Bogalusa was the only city in Washington Parish.  It was founded in 1906 by the Goodyears of Buffalo, New York.  In 1908, the world's largest yellow pine sawmill, which brought Bogalusa into existence, began operations.  In just a few months, the city's population surged to 8,000.  Today, Gaylord Container Corporation exists on that site.

National Register of Historic Sites in Washington Parish

Franklinton Knight Cabin  Sylvest House  Robert H. Babington House  Thomas M. Babington House

Bogalusa Bogalusa City Hall  Sullivan House  Bogalusa Railroad Station  U. S. Post Office

Other Areas Robert D. Magee House, Angie vicinity  Nehemiah Magee House, Mt.Vernon vicinity

Washington Parish Headrighters

1811-1812 Tax List For St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana